James Phillips 1919-87 African 'businessman' Observer South African SOUTH African liberation fighter, James Maamope r ammos saul assed away last ilos davcu al lloul tant role organising unions including durthe miners organising garthe 50s and in Britain as a member of SACTU. He will be additionally remembered by many for his marvellous singing of liberation songs. A US-USSR TREATY abandoning intermediaterange nuclear forces (INF) in Europe will now be bachev will begin a summit meeting with Ronald Reagan in the pose. Such a treaty will get rid of more than 1000 nuclear warheads from Europe, missiles from Greenham Common in this country.
On Friday 24 October, nuclear talks in voscow oelweet Soviel foreign minister Eduard Shevardnadze US secretary of state George Schultz ended with refusal by the USSR to set a date for signing the trea4 INCYuls sions this round of talks nad taltered because the USA refused to budge on oualc Defence Initiative (SDI).
There then followed a week intense media speculation that the Monday 7 chances Euromissiles treaty end. ycal were However, week HILON tober, Shevardnadze Keagan alo wulccu trom the White House that the two premiers had agreed to meet on 7 December to sign the INF deal.
joint communique issued after the meeting of Shevardnadze-Reagan announced inlal. presiden general secretary Gorbachev have agreea to meet in the United States beginning on 7 December 1987. The president and the general secretary attach the highest importance to holding sulos anavt meeting which covers the between the two countries al lls reduction, human rights and issues, of regional contlicts bilateral relations which makes significant headway over tne range of these issues.' joint announcement went on to explain that the December meeting would also consider Soviel sul alaall offensive al lo and on the observance withdrawal from the ABM Missile) . LAE- Datsul treaty for all agreed period'.
In the midst of the disastrous Wall Street crash. was evidently • relieved at the prospect recouping which is what signing the INF .treaty represents for him domestically. But the joint announcement does wow sintadlll ulualick tal change in the US administration's determination to continue the Star Wars project.
Gorbachev wanted to use the opportunity of a successful trea ty to reopen the issue of SDI which Reagn has con sitentiy refused to discuss He has called on the USA to agree 10-yea adherence to the ABM treaty, which would limit the development of spac weapons. But Reagn is on prepared consider discussing seven years.
Undoubtedly, the signill be of consideraale considerable political importance. Bu it only raises more sharply demand Tuie auclld Gorbachev has advanced for the elimination of all nuclear weapons.
Twelve thousand nuclear weapons . wil re main in Europe alone The 1986 Icleand summit exposed the fundamental pro-nuclear stance of the United States administration Signing and INF treaty at the of this year signals aeros that. Th political gain that the INF treatv • represents must D used to insert large wedge in the crack that ha noW appeared in the nuclear door.
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signed by the end of this year. On December Soviet general secretary Mikhail Gor-
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